Most of these ancient ceremonies were retained in the rites still practiced by the Catholic Church in the first half of the 20th century. Augustine noted that rites of exorcism by exsufflation were also performed for the.Īfter the, the baptismal rite in the 1549, which was based on the, 'took place at the church door and included singing with the cross on forehead and breast and an exorcism.' Similarly, the, in its 1526 Baptismal Booklet contained a minor exorcism before the. An exsufflatio, or out-breathing of the demon by the candidate, which was sometimes part of the ceremony, symbolized the renunciation of the, while the insufflatio, or in-breathing of the, by ministers and assistants, symbolised the infusion of sanctifying by the. The final ceremony took place on, when the priest himself performed the ceremony of exorcism. Mostly those in the minor order of exorcist performed the ceremony of exorcism, then a priest signed the catechumens with the cross and laid hands upon them. Among the Latins, and especially at Rome, breathing accompanied with a form of exorcism and placing in the mouth a little exorcised salt, was employed in addition to the signing with the cross and the imposition of hands. Eusebius mentions the imposition of hands and prayer. Anointing with oil as part of baptismal exorcism is also mentioned in the and the Arabic – early 20th Century scholarship attributed both of these documents to, but the origin of both sources is now disputed.Īuthors such as (3rd century) and (4th century) provide further details of these minor exorcisms, prayers and ceremonies performed over adults preparing for baptism. The 4th century of gives a detailed description of baptismal exorcism, from which it appears that anointing with exorcised oil formed a part of this exorcism in the East. The same canons required that those preparing to be baptised (known as ) were to undergo a daily imposition of hands by these exorcists. Text previously attributed to a, now identified as a collection called, prescribes in its seventh canon the rite of ordination of such an exorcist: the bishop is to give him the book containing the formulae of exorcism, saying, 'Receive, and commit to memory, and possess the power of imposing hands on, whether baptized or catechumens' and the same rite was still in use in the early 20th century, except that instead of the ancient Book of Exorcisms, the, or, was placed into the hands of the ordinand.
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